Mu makolero nga amaanyi amapya, bbaatule, ebitundu by’emmotoka, n’okukola ebikozesebwa, .ebyuma ebikola welding ebitereka amaanyi(capacitor discharge welders) zikozesebwa nnyo mu spot welding ne nut welding olw’obulungi bwazo obw’amaanyi, okufuuwa okutono, n’okufulumya okunywevu. Naye mu mbeera z'okufulumya entuufu, kkampuni nnyingi zissa essira ku kyuma kyokka oba "kikyakola," ate nga tezilagajjalira bukulu bw'okuddaabiriza buli lunaku. N’ekyavaamu, omutindo gw’okuweta ogutali mutebenkevu, okulemererwa emirundi mingi, n’okukendeeza ennyo ku bulamu bw’ebyuma bitera okubaawo.
Obumanyirivu obw’omugaso mu nnimiro bulaga nti okulemererwa kw’ebyuma ebiweta ebisukka mu kitundu tekiva ku buzibu bw’ebyuma, wabula obutaddaabiriza bumala. Okuddaabiriza kwa ssaayansi n’okutuufu okwa buli lunaku tekukoma ku kukendeeza nnyo ku miwendo gy’okulemererwa, naye era kukuuma omutindo gw’okuweta nga gutebenkedde okumala ebbanga eddene.
1. Lwaki Okuddaabiriza Ebyuma Ebiweta Ebitereka Amasoboza Buli Buli Kikulu Nnyo
Ebyuma ebitereka amaanyi ebiweta bikola nga bifulumya akasannyalazo akangi amangu ddala nga biyita mu kufulumya capacitor okumaliriza enkola y’okuweta. Enkola eno ey'okukola "amasoboza amangi mu kiseera ekitono ennyo" etuwa obulungi obulungi ennyo, naye era kitegeeza nti:
- Obusannyalazo bukola wansi wa bbugumu erya waggulu ne puleesa eya waggulu obutasalako
- Capacitors zigumira enfunda eziwera high-frequency charge ne discharge impacts
- Enkola z’amasannyalaze, empewo, n’okufuga zisigala wansi w’omugugu omuzito ogw’ekiseera ekiwanvu-
Awatali ndabirira nnungi, ebizibu bino wammanga byolekedde nnyo okulabika:
- Amaanyi ga weld agatali ganywevu
- Electrode okunywerera ennyo n’okwokya
- Okukendeera kw’obusobozi bwa capacitor mu bwangu
- Alamu ezitera okubaawo n’ebikolwa ebitali bya bulijjo mu nkola y’okufuga
Ekisembayo kwe kukendeera kw’amakungula, okweyongera kw’obudde bw’okuyimirira, n’okusaasaanya ssente ennyingi mu kuddaabiriza.
2. Enkola z'okuyonja n'okunyogoza: "Foundation Engineering" y'okuwangaala kw'ebyuma
Mu mirimu gyonna egy’okuddaabiriza, okuyonja n’okunyogoza bye bisinga obukulu naye era bye bisinga obukulu.
Mu kiseera ekiwanvu-okufulumya, okufuukuuka kw’okuweta, enfuufu y’ebyuma, obucaafu bw’amafuta, n’obucaafu bw’okwokya (oxidation layers) bikuŋŋaanyizibwa obutasalako ku buziba, emmeeza z’emirimu, n’ebitundu ebitambuza. Singa teziyonjebwa mu budde, obucaafu buno butereevu buleeta okukwatagana okubi kw’amasannyalaze n’okusaasaana kw’amasannyalaze okutali kwenkanankana, ekivaamu okuweta okunafu, okwokya-okuyita, n’omutindo gw’okuweta ogutakwatagana. Oluvannyuma lw’okungulu kwa electrode okucaafuwa, ne parameters eziteekeddwa obulungi teziyinza kukakasa maanyi ga weld agalina ebisaanyizo.
Mu kiseera kye kimu, .ekyuma ekitereka amaanyi eky’okuwetaye nkola eya bulijjo ey’ebbugumu ery’amangu erya waggulu-. Omulimu gw’enkola y’okunyogoza si kukendeeza bbugumu kwokka-esalawo butereevu obulamu bw’obuweereza bwa electrodes, capacitors, n’ekyuma kyonna. Amazzi obutatambula bulungi, ebbugumu ly’amazzi erisukkiridde, oba okusituka munda mu payipu kiyinza okuvaako:
- Okugonza amangu n’okukyukakyuka kw’obusannyalazo
- Okwongera okubuguma munda mu capacitors
- Okukaddiwa amangu kw’ebintu ebiziyiza omuliro
Mu kukola okwa nnamaddala, kyeyoleka bulungi nti ebyuma ebirina enzirukanya embi ey’okunyogoza bikyusa ebitundu ebikulu emirundi ebiri oba esatu okusinga ebyuma ebirabirira obulungi-.
3. Embeera z’enkola ya masanyalaze n’amasannyalaze zisalawo butereevu obutebenkevu bwa welding
Ekyuma ekiyitibwa electrode kye kitundu ekisinga okukozesebwa obutereevu ekyenyigira mu nkola y’okuweta, era embeera yaakyo y’esalawo butereevu oba okuweta kwesigika. Singa kungulu kwa electrode eyokeddwa nnyo, teyenkanankana, oba okwambala mu ngeri ya symmetrically, current ejja kukuŋŋaanyizibwa mu kitundu. Kino tekikoma ku kuleeta maanyi ga weld agatali ganywevu wabula era kyongera ku kufuumuuka n’okusiba kw’obusannyalazo.
N’olwekyo, omusingi gw’okulabirira obusannyalazo mwangu nnyo-mu budde.
Okwekebejja mu budde, okusiba mu budde, n’okukyusa mu budde biba bya ssente nnyingi era binywevu okusinga okulinda okutuusa ng’ekyuma ky’amasannyalaze kyonoonese ddala.
Mu kiseera kye kimu, ebyuma ebiweta ebitereka amaanyi biteeka obwetaavu obw’amaanyi ennyo ku nnywevu y’enkola y’amasannyalaze. Ebiyungo by’amasannyalaze ebikalu, ebitundu ebifuuse omukka, grounding embi, oba ebitundu ebifuga okukaddiwa bijja kukosa butereevu obutakyukakyuka bw’okufulumya. Ensonga entonotono zireeta enkyukakyuka mu bifulumizibwa, ate ebizibu eby’amaanyi biyinza okuvaako capacitor okumenya, control board okulemererwa, n’okwonooneka kw’enkola ennene. Okulemererwa okunene "okw'amangu" kungi mu butuufu kusibuka mu bulabe obutono obukwekebwa okumala ebbanga eddene-obusiwuuka empisa.
4. Lwaki Okukebera buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera kyetaagisa-Si "Okuddaabiriza Oluvannyuma lw'okulemererwa" Kwokka.
Singa okuddaabiriza buli lunaku kutwalibwa ng’obukuumi obusookerwako, olwo okwekenneenya buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera kuba kulabula nga bukyali.
Okukebera mu nkola buli wiiki oba buli mwezi kuyinza okuzuula ebizibu bingi ebitasobola kuzuulibwa mangu n’amaaso, gamba nga:
- Oba obusobozi bw’okutereka amaanyi ga capacitor bukendedde
- Oba welding current output ekyukakyuka
- Oba entambula ya silinda efuuka mpola
- Oba enkola y’okufuga okuddamu kulaga okulwawo
Singa ensonga zino tezikolebwako nga bukyali, ebyuma biyinza okuba nga bikyakola bulungi mu bbanga ettono, naye wansi w’omugugu ogutasalako, tekyewalika nti bijja kufuuka okulemererwa okw’amaanyi mu kiseera ky’okuyimirira. Mu kiseera ekyo, okufiirwa kujja kusukka wala ssente ezisaasaanyizibwa mu kuddaabiriza okwa bulijjo.
5. Enzirukanya y’okuddaabiriza mu mutindo y’engeri entuufu ey’okukekkereza ssente
Mu makolero mangi, okuddaabiriza ebyuma kwesigamye nnyo ku "senior operator experience" awatali mutindo gwa kimu. Kino kitera okuvaako:
- Omutindo gw’okuddaabiriza ogutakwatagana wakati wa ssifiiti
- Okulondoola obuvunaanyizibwa okuzibu nga waliwo ebizibu
- Okulemererwa okuddiŋŋana okw’ekika kye kimu
- Enkola enkuze mu butuufu kwe kuteekawo enkola ey’okuddaabiriza ebyuma ebiweta ebitereka amaanyi, omuli:
- Ebintu ebitereezeddwa eby’okukebera buli lunaku
- Ebiseera by’okuddaabiriza buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera ebitegeerekese obulungi
- Omutindo gw’okusiba ebyuma ebikwatagana (unified electrode dressing standards).
- Ebiwandiiko by’okuddaabiriza ebituufu
Enneeyisa y'okuddaabiriza bw'emala okufuuka "enkola-eyesigamiziddwa ne data-evugirwa," okutebenkera kw'ebyuma n'obulamu bw'empeereza bitera okulaga okulongoosa okw'amaanyi ennyo.
Okumaliriza:Okuddaabiriza Si Mugugu-Kye Kisinga Obutereevu Okuteeka Ensimbi Mu Bivaamu
Okuddaabiriza buli lunakuebyuma ebikola welding ebitereka amaanyisi mulimu ogw’enjawulo, wabula omusingo ogwetaagisa olw’omutindo gw’okuweta ogutebenkedde n’okukola okwesigika okw’ekiseera ekiwanvu-. Okuyita mu nkola ya ssaayansi ey’okuyonja, okufuga obulungi okunyogoza, okuddaabiriza obusannyalazo, okwekenneenya amasannyalaze, n’okukola ku mutindo buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera, abakola ebintu basobola:
- Okukendeeza nnyo ku miwendo gy’ebyuma ebigwa
- Kuuma omutindo gwa weld nga gukwatagana
- Okwongera ku bulamu bw’ekyuma okutwalira awamu
- Okukendeeza obulungi ku ssente z'okuddaabiriza ez'ekiseera ekiwanvu-
Okusinziira ku ndowooza y’ekiseera ekiwanvu-, omuwendo ogutondebwawo ekyuma ekiweta ekitereka amaanyi ekikuumibwa obulungi{1}}gusukkulumye nnyo ku budde obutono n’abakozi ebikekkerezebwa nga tetufaayo ku ndabirira.
